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Early-phase myocardial infarction: evaluation by MR imaging.

D Tscholakoff, C B Higgins, M T McNamara

    Radiology
    |June 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can detect acute myocardial ischemia within 3 hours of coronary artery occlusion. This technique accurately identifies infarcts, showing increased signal intensity and prolonged T2 relaxation times in affected heart muscle.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiovascular Imaging
    • Diagnostic Medicine
    • Veterinary Cardiology

    Background:

    • Acute myocardial infarction (MI) diagnosis relies on timely detection of ischemic heart muscle.
    • Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging offers non-invasive visualization of cardiac tissue.
    • Early detection of MI is crucial for effective treatment and improved outcomes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the appearance of acute myocardial infarcts using in vivo gated magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
    • To determine the earliest time point at which MR imaging can demonstrate acute myocardial ischemia following coronary artery occlusion.

    Main Methods:

    • Gated magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed in 12 dogs.
    • Imaging was conducted immediately after left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion and serially up to 5 hours, and again between 4 and 14 days.

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  • Postmortem examination was used to confirm myocardial infarction in nine dogs.

    • Main Results:

    • Regional signal intensity increase in the myocardium was detected by 3 hours post-occlusion in dogs with confirmed infarcts.
    • T2-weighted MR images showed significantly greater signal intensity in infarcted myocardium compared to normal myocardium at 3, 4, and 5 hours.
    • T2 relaxation times were significantly prolonged in the infarct region at 3, 4, and 5 hours post-occlusion.
    • Myocardial wall thinning and increased intracavitary flow signal were observed in late systole in six dogs.

    Conclusions:

    • In vivo gated MR imaging can detect acute myocardial ischemia as early as 3 hours after coronary artery occlusion.
    • MR imaging findings, including increased signal intensity and prolonged T2 relaxation times, correlate with the site of myocardial infarction.
    • This imaging modality shows promise for early diagnosis and characterization of acute myocardial infarction in vivo.