Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 3, 2025
Author Spotlight: 3D Movement Assessment of Maxillary Posterior Teeth in Clear Aligner Treatment
Published on: February 23, 2024
Maxillary lip dynamics and gingival display revisited: Utilizing standardized metrics
Elizabeth M Bakeman1, John C Kois2
1Private Practice, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.
Objective:
This study was initiated to validate a predictable system for establishing maximum maxillary lip dynamics and highlight the clinical significance of the findings.
Materials And Methods:
Seventy-five subjects, ranging in age from 25 to 71 years old were photographed with lips in maximum and minimum reveal. The images were digitally analyzed using set references. The statistical analysis was performed using Meta. Numerics version 4.1.4. A Pearson correlation coefficient (r) was carried out to identify relationships between age and maxillary lip dynamics. A p-value less than or equal to 0.05 was considered to be significant.
Results:
A greater percentage of participants have posterior gingival display than anterior gingival display. There is greater movement of the maxillary lip at the cuspid than at the central incisor.
Conclusion:
There was a tendency for lip dynamics to increase at the right central incisor when there is an increase in lip dynamics at the right cuspid. Lip dynamics does not appear to decrease with age.
Clinical Significance:
Accurately recording and considering maximum lip dynamics helps avoid asymmetric, excessive or insufficient gingival architecture, insufficient or excessive tooth length and visible restorative margins.
