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Temporal trends in prevalence and infant mortality of birth defects in Brazil, from 2001 to 2018

Qeren Hapuk R Ferreira Fernandes1, Enny S Paixão2, Maria da Conceição N Costa3

  • 1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia em Saúde e Medicina Investigativa, Centro de Integração de Dados e Conhecimentos para Saúde, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz - Fiocruz-BA. R. Waldemar Falcão 121, Candeal. 40.296-710 Salvador BA Brasil. qerenferreira@gmail.com.

Ciencia & Saude Coletiva
|April 12, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Congenital anomalies (CA) are rising in Brazil, impacting infant mortality. Linking birth and death records improved CA prevalence data, revealing musculoskeletal and circulatory issues as most common.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Congenital anomalies (CA) affect 3-6% of newborns globally.
  • CA are the second leading cause of infant mortality in Brazil.
  • Data linkage is crucial for accurate CA surveillance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends in CA prevalence and infant mortality in Brazil (2001-2018).
  • To identify regional variations in CA impact.
  • To assess the effectiveness of data linkage for improving CA statistics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized linked data from the Live Birth Information System (SINASC) and Mortality Information System (SIM).
  • Analyzed prevalence and mortality rates of CA across Brazilian regions.
  • Employed data linkage to enhance CA reporting accuracy.

Main Results:

  • CA prevalence and infant mortality due to CA increased in Brazil, particularly in the Northeast and North regions.
  • Musculoskeletal (29.8/10,000) and circulatory (12.7/10,000) system anomalies were most frequent.
  • Data linkage corrected national CA prevalence by 17.9%.

Conclusions:

  • Rising CA prevalence and mortality necessitate targeted public health interventions in Brazil.
  • Circulatory system anomalies are a significant cause of CA-related infant deaths.
  • Data linkage is a valuable tool for improving the quality and completeness of CA surveillance.

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