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Related Concept Videos

Viral Mutations00:36

Viral Mutations

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A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases of DNA or RNA in a genome. Some mutations occur during replication of the genome due to errors made by the polymerase enzymes that replicate DNA or RNA. Unlike DNA polymerase, RNA polymerase is prone to errors because it is not capable of “proofreading” its work. Viruses with RNA-based genomes, like HIV, therefore accrue mutations faster than viruses with DNA-based genomes. Because mutation and recombination provide the raw material...
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Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
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Vaccinia Virus Infection & Temporal Analysis of Virus Gene Expression: Part 1
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Monkeypox virus: phylogenomics, host-pathogen interactome and mutational cascade.

Roshan Kumar1, Shekhar Nagar2, Shazia Haider3

  • 1Post-Graduate Department of Zoology, Magadh University, Bodh Gaya, Bihar 824234, India.

Microbial Genomics
|April 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Genomic analysis of monkeypox virus (MPXV) reveals distinct evolutionary lineages and identifies key viral proteins involved in immune evasion. Rapid genomic surveillance is crucial for developing effective MPXV prevention and treatment strategies.

Keywords:
MPXVhost–protein interactionmutationsorthopoxvirusphylogeny

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The recent monkeypox virus (MPXV) outbreaks highlight the need for rapid genomic research, informed by lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Understanding MPXV's evolutionary history and molecular mechanisms is critical for global health security.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the evolutionary lineages of MPXV using whole-genome sequencing.
  • To identify key viral proteins involved in host-pathogen interactions and immune evasion.
  • To analyze the impact of mutations on viral protein stability.

Main Methods:

  • Phylogenetic analysis of 628 MPXV isolates using a SNP-based whole-genome method.
  • Utilized high-quality isolates from the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID) database.
  • Host-pathogen interaction network analysis and structural analysis of viral proteins.

Main Results:

  • Identified four major MPXV clusters, with a distinct evolutionary lineage for the earliest isolate.
  • Revealed complex epidemiology and evolution across different countries.
  • Identified viral proteins E3, SPI-2, K7, and CrmB as key regulators of host immune response.
  • Structural analysis indicated potential stability disruption in proteins E3 and CrmB due to mutations.

Conclusions:

  • MPXV exhibits diverse evolutionary pathways and complex epidemiological patterns.
  • Specific viral proteins are critical for MPXV's immune evasion strategies.
  • Accelerated genomic analysis of new MPXV strains is essential for timely development of countermeasures.