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Inequality in housing transitions during cognitive decline
Sarah L Mawhorter1, Rachel Z Wilkie2, Jennifer A Ailshire2
1Department of Planning and Department of Economic Geography, Faculty of Spatial Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Plos One
|April 12, 2023
Summary
Many people with dementia (PWD) face housing transitions, with over half moving around the time of diagnosis. Socioeconomic and racial disparities exist in these housing changes, impacting PWD well-being.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background:
- Independent living becomes difficult with cognitive decline, often necessitating housing changes for people with dementia (PWD).
- Housing transitions are crucial for PWD and caregiver well-being, but costs can exacerbate socioeconomic inequalities.
- Limited quantitative data exists on the frequency and types of housing transitions PWD experience beyond nursing home admissions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate socioeconomic and racial/ethnic disparities in the timing and types of housing transitions among PWD in the U.S.
- To understand how housing choices differ based on financial resources and background.
- To identify patterns in housing moves related to dementia onset.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of Health and Retirement Study data from 2002–2016.
- Quantitative examination of housing transitions (moving home, nursing home, or with relatives) over the course of cognitive decline.
- Stratification by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity.
Main Results:
- Over half of PWD experience at least one housing transition around dementia onset (56% move once or more).
- Common transitions include moving to another home (35%), nursing homes (32%), and with relatives (11%).
- Significant disparities observed: more advantaged PWD are more likely to move to another home or a nursing home.
Conclusions:
- Housing transitions are common for people with dementia, but access and type of move vary significantly by socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity.
- Findings highlight the need for supportive housing policies to ensure equitable transitions for all PWD.
- Addressing financial barriers is crucial to mitigate inequalities in housing arrangements for aging populations with cognitive decline.
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