Highly Conductive, Ultrastrong, and Flexible Wet-Spun PEDOT:PSS/Ionic Liquid Fibers for Wearable Electronics

Conductive poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) fibers with high electrical conductivity, flexibility, and robustness are urgently needed for constructing wearable fiber-based electronics. In this study, the highly conductive (4288 S/cm), ultrastrong (a high tensile strength of 956 MPa), and flexible (a low Young's modulus of 3.8 GPa) PEDOT:PSS/1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide (EMIM:DCA) (P/ED) fiber was prepared by wet-spinning and a subsequent H₂SO₄-immersion-drawing process. As far as we know, this is the best performance of the PEDOT:PSS fiber reported so far. The structure and conformation of the P/ED fiber were characterized by FESEM, XPS, Raman spectroscopy, UV-vis-NIR spectroscopy, and WAXS. The results show that the high performances of the P/ED fiber are mainly attributed to the massive removal of PSS and high degree of crystallinity (87.9%) and orientation (0.71) of PEDOT caused by the synergistic effect of the ionic liquid, concentrated sulfuric acid, and high stretching. Besides, the P/ED fiber shows a small bending radius of 0.1 mm, and the conductivity of the P/ED fiber is nearly unchanged after 1000 repeated cycles of bending and humidity changes within 50-90%. Based on this, various P/ED fiber-based devices including the circuit connection wire, thermoelectric power generator, and temperature sensor were constructed, demonstrating its wide applications for constructing flexible and wearable electronics.