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Improving adaptive behaviors for autistic adults without intellectual disability through executive function training.

Joo Hyun Kim1, Da-Yea Song2, Hye Sun Han3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, South Korea.

Asian Journal of Psychiatry
|April 12, 2023
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Summary

This study shows an intervention improved executive functioning (EF) and adaptive behaviors in autistic adults without intellectual disabilities. The program offers a new evidence-based approach for this population.

Keywords:
Adaptive behaviorsAutistic adultsExecutive functioningIntervention

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology
  • Developmental Disabilities

Background:

  • Executive functioning (EF) is crucial for daily activities across the lifespan.
  • Autistic adults without intellectual disabilities (ID) often face EF challenges impacting adaptive behaviors.
  • Improving EF is vital for successful adult transitions in autistic individuals without ID.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate a novel intervention program's effectiveness in enhancing everyday executive functioning and adaptive behaviors.
  • To assess the intervention's impact on autistic adults without intellectual disabilities through a randomized controlled trial.

Main Methods:

  • A randomized controlled trial involving 30 autistic adults without ID, assigned to a treatment or waitlist group.
  • Data collection included assessments and self-report questionnaires for everyday EF and adaptive behaviors.
  • Linear mixed-effect modeling was used to compare groups and analyze changes over time (pre-, middle, post-, follow-up).

Main Results:

  • Significant differences were observed in the EF utility-scale between the treatment and waitlist groups (p = .027).
  • No significant group x time interactions were found for other measured outcomes.
  • Overall, everyday EF and adaptive behaviors demonstrated significant improvement across measurement time points (p < .001).

Conclusions:

  • The developed intervention program shows promise in improving executive functioning and adaptive behaviors for autistic adults without ID.
  • This represents Korea's first evidence-based intervention specifically designed for this population's needs.
  • Further research may explore long-term effects and broader applicability.