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Blood Type Associated with the Risk of COVID-19 Infection in Pregnant Women

Rosalba Sevilla-Montoya1, Addy C Helguera-Reppeto2, Irma E Monroy-Muñoz1

  • 1Reproductive Research and Perinatal Health Department, National Institute of Perinatology, Mexico City 11000, Mexico.

Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 13, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Blood groups were not linked to SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in pregnant Mexican women. However, the AB blood type may increase the risk of severe COVID-19 disease.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Maternal-Fetal Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated identifying risk factors, particularly for vulnerable populations like pregnant individuals.
  • Previous research explored blood group associations with COVID-19 infection, severity, and mortality in diverse populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between ABO blood groups and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated complications in pregnant women and newborns.
  • To specifically examine these associations within the Mexican-Mestizo population.

Main Methods:

  • A study involving 1906 individuals was conducted.
  • Statistical analyses included Student's t-test for quantitative variables and Pearson's chi-square test for categorical variables.
  • Logistic regression was employed to assess the association between blood groups and COVID-19 outcomes.

Main Results:

  • No significant association was found between blood groups and the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
  • Individuals with blood group AB showed a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 disease.
  • Blood groups did not appear to influence the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection itself.

Conclusions:

  • Blood groups are not a significant factor in determining SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among pregnant women in the Mexican population.
  • Blood group AB may serve as a risk factor for severe COVID-19 illness in this demographic.
  • Further research is warranted to understand the implications of blood groups on COVID-19 severity in pregnant populations.

Keywords:
COVID-19SARS-CoV-2blood typepregnancyrisk factor

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