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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Updated: Aug 3, 2025

Author Spotlight: Isolating and Analyzing Intestinal Cells of Zebrafish Larvae for Investigating Transcriptomic Aspects of Gastrointestinal Development
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Comparative Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals the Functionally Segmented Intestine in Tunicate Ascidian.

Wei Zhang1, An Jiang1, Haiyan Yu1

  • 1Fang Zongxi Center, MoE Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The tunicate intestine has three distinct segments with specialized functions, similar to vertebrates. This suggests conserved digestive system functions across chordates, offering evolutionary insights.

Keywords:
Cionaintestinesegmentationtranscriptome

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Comparative Genomics

Background:

  • Vertebrate intestines exhibit distinct segmental morphology and function.
  • The evolutionary origins of intestinal segmentation are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate intestinal segmentation in the tunicate ascidian, *Ciona savignyi*.
  • To compare gene expression patterns with vertebrate intestines to infer functional evolution.

Main Methods:

  • RNA sequencing of *Ciona savignyi* intestine.
  • Gene expression profile analysis.
  • Multi-species comparative analysis.

Main Results:

  • The *Ciona savignyi* intestine is segmented into three distinct regions.
  • Proximal, middle, and distal segments are enriched in digestion, ion transport/signal transduction, and immune-related genes, respectively.
  • Gene expression patterns show similarities to vertebrates, with pancreatic homologous genes in the digestive segment.

Conclusions:

  • The tunicate intestine exhibits regional specializations comparable to vertebrate intestinal systems.
  • Tunicates and vertebrates may share conserved intestinal functions, suggesting an ancient origin.
  • The proximal *Ciona* intestine may perform functions analogous to the vertebrate pancreas.