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Next Generation of Ovarian Cancer Detection Using Aptamers.

Rayane da Silva Abreu1, Deborah Antunes1, Aline Dos Santos Moreira1

  • 1Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|April 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified four aptamers that can recognize ovarian cancer cells. These aptamers, AptaC2 and AptaO1, show potential for detecting various ovarian cancer stages and subtypes, aiding in early diagnosis.

Keywords:
aptamerscomputational modelingovarian cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Biotechnology
  • Oncology
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Ovarian cancer is a leading cause of cancer death in women due to late-stage diagnosis.
  • Aptamers offer a promising avenue for improving early tumor detection by targeting cancer-specific molecules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To computationally identify and characterize aptamers targeting ovarian cancer cells.
  • To propose novel molecular biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of epithelial ovarian cancer.

Main Methods:

  • In silico selection of aptamers using Cell-SELEX on Caov-3 and OvCar-3 cell lines.
  • Computational modeling and proteomic data analysis to identify potential aptamer targets.
  • Molecular Docking to validate aptamer-target interactions.

Main Results:

  • Four specific aptamers (AptaC2, AptaC4, AptaO1, AptaO2) were selected for ovarian tumors.
  • Potential targets identified: AptaC2-FXYD3, AptaC4-ALPP, AptaO1-TSPAN15, AptaO2-TSPAN15.
  • AptaC2 and AptaO1 demonstrated potential in detecting different ovarian cancer stages and subtypes.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully selected aptamers with potential for ovarian cancer diagnosis.
  • Identified aptamer-target complexes and validated aptamers' ability to detect cancer subtypes, proposing new diagnostic biomarkers.