Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Carrier-Mediated Transport01:06

Carrier-Mediated Transport

478
Carrier-mediated transport is a pivotal process in drug absorption, particularly for lipid-insoluble drugs, and encompasses facilitated diffusion and active transport. Facilitated diffusion allows drugs to move along their concentration gradient without energy expenditure, while active transport utilizes ATP to drive drug movement against this gradient.
Active transport involves two types of membrane-spanning transporters: uptake and efflux. Uptake transporters are expressed in the small...
478
Carrier Transport01:21

Carrier Transport

489
The generation of electrical current in semiconductors is fundamentally driven by two mechanisms: drift and diffusion. These processes are essential for the functionality and performance of semiconductor-based devices.
Drift Current:
The drift of charge carriers is started by an external electric field (E). Charged particles, such as electrons and holes, experience an acceleration between collisions with lattice atoms. For electrons, this results in a drift velocity (vd) given by:
489
Network Function of a Circuit01:25

Network Function of a Circuit

335
Frequency response analysis in electrical circuits provides vital insights into a circuit's behavior as the frequency of the input signal changes. The transfer function, a mathematical tool, is instrumental in understanding this behavior. It defines the relationship between phasor output and input and comes in four types: voltage gain, current gain, transfer impedance, and transfer admittance. The critical components of the transfer function are the poles and zeros.
335
Design Example: Automobile Ignition System01:14

Design Example: Automobile Ignition System

264
The automobile's ignition system plays a vital role by ensuring the timely ignition of the fuel-air mixture in each cylinder. This ignition is facilitated by a spark plug, which is composed of two electrodes separated by an air gap. A spark forms across this air gap when a substantial voltage is generated between the electrodes, leading to the ignition of the fuel.
One can generate a large voltage using a car battery of 12 volts with the help of inductors. Inductors are known for opposing...
264
IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway01:11

IP3/DAG Signaling Pathway

12.2K
Membrane lipids such as phosphatidylinositol (PI) are precursors for several membrane-bound and soluble second messengers. Specific kinases phosphorylate PI and produce phosphorylated inositol phospholipids. One such inositol phospholipids are the  phosphatidylinositol-4,5 bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2], present in the inner half of the lipid bilayer. Upon ligand binding, GPCR stimulates Gq proteins to turn on phospholipase Cꞵ. Activated phospholipase Cꞵ cleaves PI(4,5)P2 and...
12.2K
Short-distance Transport of Resources02:12

Short-distance Transport of Resources

16.3K
Short-distance transport refers to transport that occurs over a distance of just 2-3 cells, crossing the plasma membrane in the process. Small uncharged molecules, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water, can diffuse across the plasma membrane on their own. In contrast, ions and larger molecules require the assistance of transport proteins due to their charge or size. Transport across membranes also occurs within individual cells, playing a variety of essential roles for the plant as a whole.
16.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Enhancing student success prediction in higher education with swarm optimized enhanced efficientNet attention mechanism.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>) Pods: Revealing Their Antioxidant Potential via GC-MS Analysis and Computational Insights.

Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

L-CPPA: Lattice-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication scheme for fog computing with 5G-enabled vehicular system.

PloS one·2023
Same author

Genome-Wide Mining of <i>Selaginella moellendorffii</i> for Hevein-like Lectins and Their Potential Molecular Mimicry with SARS-CoV-2 Spike Glycoprotein.

Current issues in molecular biology·2023
Same author

ECA-VFog: An efficient certificateless authentication scheme for 5G-assisted vehicular fog computing.

PloS one·2023
Same author

A Honeybee-Inspired Framework for a Smart City Free of Internet Scams.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2023
Same journal

RETRACTED: Zhang et al. A Novel Framework for Reconstruction and Imaging of Target Scattering Centers via Wide-Angle Incidence in Radar Networks. <i>Sensors</i> 2025, <i>25</i>, 6802.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Enhancing Unsupervised Multi-Source Domain Adaptation for Person Re-Identification via Mixture of Experts and Graph-Based Relation.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development of an Instrumented Glove for Palmar Pressure Assessment in Kayakers.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Development and Experimental Validation of an Autonomous IoT-Based Monitoring System for Real-Time Water Quality Assessment in the Amazon River.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Semi-Supervised Adversarial Learning Framework for Controller Area Network Bus Intrusion Detection.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
Same journal

Smart Optimization Method for Safety Signs in Innovative Manufacturing Environments Integrating Industrial Field IoT Sensors and Knowledge Graphs.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem
10:15

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem

Published on: February 3, 2021

3.8K

Efficient Authentication Scheme for 5G-Enabled Vehicular Networks Using Fog Computing.

Zeyad Ghaleb Al-Mekhlafi1, Mahmood A Al-Shareeda2, Selvakumar Manickam2

  • 1College of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Ha'il, Ha'il 81481, Saudi Arabia.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|April 13, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new fog computing-based conditional privacy-preserving authentication (CPPA) method for 5G vehicle networks. It significantly reduces communication and processing costs compared to existing systems.

Keywords:
5GFC-CPPAefficient authenticationfog sever/computingvehicular system

More Related Videos

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
07:49

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

Published on: November 26, 2019

8.1K
Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

611

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem
10:15

Integration of 5G Experimentation Infrastructures into a Multi-Site NFV Ecosystem

Published on: February 3, 2021

3.8K
Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization
07:49

Automated Deployment of an Internet Protocol Telephony Service on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Using Network Functions Virtualization

Published on: November 26, 2019

8.1K
Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit
05:30

Large Scale Energy Efficient Sensor Network Routing Using a Quantum Processor Unit

Published on: September 8, 2023

611

Area of Science:

  • Computer Science
  • Network Security
  • Vehicular Communications

Background:

  • Existing conditional privacy-preserving authentication (CPPA) systems for 5G vehicle networks face challenges with expensive roadside units and high communication/processing costs.
  • These limitations hinder the widespread adoption and efficiency of secure authentication in vehicular environments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a novel CPPA method leveraging fog computing (FC) to address the cost and efficiency issues in 5G-enabled vehicle networks.
  • To enhance security and privacy while reducing the operational burden on vehicular communication systems.

Main Methods:

  • A fog computing-based CPPA (FC-CPPA) method is proposed, utilizing a fog server to pre-load public anonymity identities and signature keys into vehicles.
  • Security is rigorously analyzed within a random oracle model to ensure robustness against various threats.

Main Results:

  • The proposed FC-CPPA method achieves compliance with confidentiality and security standards, demonstrating resistance to diverse security threats.
  • Demonstrated significantly reduced communication costs (84 bytes) and computation costs (0.0031 for signing, 2.0185 for verification).

Conclusions:

  • The FC-CPPA method offers an efficient and cost-effective solution for secure authentication in 5G vehicle networks.
  • The proposed approach presents a viable alternative to existing CPPA systems, offering substantial savings in communication and computation resources.