Current services and outcomes of formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised US adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities: A propensity score matching analysis
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Published on: June 20, 2020
Roger J Stancliffe1, Renáta Tichá1, Sandra L Pettingell1
1Institute on Community Integration, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA.
Background:
Deinstitutionalization research shows better services and outcomes relative to institutional life but has not compared formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised service users.
Methods:
We used propensity score matching (PSM) to match formerly institutionalised and never-institutionalised participants on six personal characteristics. Data came from the 2018 to 2019 National Core Indicators In-Person Survey. We excluded current institution residents, and states with 25% + of missing data on former institutionalisation.
Results:
Overall, 15.5% of participants in the 29-state full sample had lived in an institution for 1 year or more. Findings from the PSM sample showed that former-institution residents were more likely to use congregate living arrangements and less likely to live with family. They experienced more loneliness, less support-related choice, and had a consistent pattern of disability service-focused social connections.
Conclusions:
Many former institution residents remain disadvantaged relative to matched peers. There is a need to identify factors to enhance services and outcomes following deinstitutionalization.
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