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Chronotherapy in dentistry: A scoping review.

Mohammad Abusamak¹, Mohammad Al-Tamimi¹, Haider Al-Waeli²

¹Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Chronobiology International

|April 13, 2023

Summary

Chronotherapy, or timed treatments, shows promise in dentistry for improving healing and reducing inflammation. This approach may enhance therapeutic outcomes, particularly in cancer care and local anesthesia delivery.

Keywords:

Drug chronotherapy chronobiology circadian rhythm dentistry oral health

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Area of Science:

Circadian Biology
Dental Therapeutics
Chronopharmacology

Background:

The body's circadian clock influences physiological processes critical to dentistry, including healing, inflammation, and pain perception.
Chronotherapy, optimizing treatment timing, is an emerging strategy to enhance therapeutic efficacy and minimize adverse effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically map existing evidence on chronotherapy applications within dentistry.
To identify knowledge gaps in the field of dental chronotherapy.

Main Methods:

A systematic scoping review was performed using four major databases (Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, Embase).
Original animal and human studies focusing on chronotherapeutic drugs or interventions in dentistry were included after screening 3908 articles.
A total of 24 studies (19 human, 5 animal) met the inclusion criteria.

Main Results:

Chrono-radiotherapy and chrono-chemotherapy demonstrated reduced side effects and improved survival rates in head and neck cancer patients.
Animal studies indicated diurnal rhythms influence tooth movement and periodontal tissue response to orthodontic forces, potentially affecting bone metabolism.
Evening injections of local anesthetics may yield more profound and prolonged effects.

Conclusions:

Despite the low overall quality of included studies, chronotherapy in dentistry appears to yield favorable outcomes.
Applications in head and neck cancer treatment show particular promise.
Further research is warranted to explore chronotherapy's potential in various dental applications.