Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2025
Use of Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay to Characterize Novel T-cell Epitopes of Human Papillomavirus
Published on: March 8, 2012
Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Human Papillomaviruses in Genital Lichen Sclerosus: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
Eugenia Giuliani1, Francesca Rollo2, Carlo Cota3
1Scientific Direction, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Background:
Lichen sclerosus (LS) is an inflammatory disease mostly arising at the genital level. It is unclear whether human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have an etiological significance in LS, and data on their prevalence in patients with LS are controversial.
Objectives:
The authors assessed alpha, beta, and gamma HPV prevalence in patients with genital LS. The association of HPV positivity with demographic and clinical factors was also investigated.
Methods:
One hundred thirty-two formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded LS samples (2016-2020) were retrieved from the archives of a pathology department. Alpha HPVs were genotyped with the INNO-LiPA HPV Genotyping Extra II kit. Beta and gamma HPVs were searched by multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction. Immunostaining for p16 INK4a was performed on high-risk HPV-positive samples.
Results:
Patients had a median age of 61 years, were mostly women ( n = 73, 55.3%), and with an early disease stage ( n = 79, 59.8%). Alpha HPVs were detected in 12/132 cases (9.1%). Among the 5 high-risk HPV-positive cases, only 2 displayed a strong and diffuse p16 INK4a staining. Beta genus was the most prevalent (35/132, 26.5%) and HPV5 was the most frequent beta genotype (25/132, 18.9%). There were 3 gamma HPV-positive cases among those with a valid result (3/131, 2.3%). Multiple infections with genotypes belonging to different genera were infrequent (3/131, 2.3%). No significant differences in the prevalence of the individual genera were observed according to sex and disease stage.
Conclusions:
Of the 3 HPV genera, beta genus showed the highest prevalence. Further research is needed to clarify whether the presence of beta HPVs in genital LS has a clinical significance.
