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Drugs in treating paediatric acute kidney injury

Caoimhe Costigan1, Steve Balgobin1, Michael Zappitelli2,3

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Division of Nephrology, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Pediatric Nephrology (Berlin, Germany)
|April 13, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Novel drugs targeting acute kidney injury (AKI) mechanisms are emerging, but clinical evidence, especially in children, remains limited. This review examines promising agents and their therapeutic potential for pediatric AKI.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Pediatric Medicine
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a prevalent and impactful condition in hospitalized children.
  • Current AKI management relies on supportive care, lacking specific targeted therapies.
  • Growing understanding of AKI pathophysiology opens avenues for novel treatments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review novel and repurposed agents for AKI.
  • To evaluate the proposed mechanisms of action for these agents.
  • To assess the existing evidence for their efficacy, particularly in pediatric populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of novel and repurposed drugs for AKI.
  • Analysis of proposed mechanisms of action against current AKI pathophysiology.
  • Evaluation of the evidence base supporting therapeutic efficacy.

Main Results:

  • Several drugs targeting AKI mechanisms are in development.
  • The review critically assesses the scientific rationale for these agents.
  • Limited evidence currently supports the efficacy of these agents, especially in children.

Conclusions:

  • Specific pharmacological interventions for AKI are still largely elusive.
  • Further research is needed to validate novel and repurposed agents for AKI treatment.
  • The evidence base for pediatric AKI therapeutics requires significant expansion.

Keywords:
Clinical trialsGrowth factorsHemodynamicInflammationOutcomesOxidative stressPathophysiology

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