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Neurologic Complications of Rotavirus Infections in Children

David E F Slotboom1, Daphne Peeters1, Stefan Groeneweg1

  • 1From the Department of Pediatrics, Juliana Kinderziekenhuis, CH Den Haag, Zuid-Holland, The Netherlands.

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|April 13, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Rotavirus infection can cause severe neurological issues like encephalopathy in children. Early detection of rotavirus is crucial for managing these complications and ensuring a better outcome.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Rotavirus is a primary cause of severe gastroenteritis in young children globally.
  • Rotavirus infections can lead to serious neurological complications beyond typical gastrointestinal symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the clinical presentation and outcomes of complicated rotavirus infections in pediatric patients.
  • To highlight the neurological manifestations associated with rotavirus.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective study included pediatric patients with confirmed rotavirus infection.
  • Data collected from January 2016 to January 2022 at a Dutch pediatric hospital.
  • Focus on clinical characteristics and neurological symptoms in severe rotavirus cases.

Main Results:

  • 59 pediatric patients with rotavirus were identified; 84.7% required hospitalization.
  • 16.9% of patients experienced neurological complications, including encephalopathy in 60% of those cases.
  • Diagnostic imaging revealed abnormalities in 20% of patients with neurological symptoms.

Conclusions:

  • Rotavirus can induce severe, though often self-limiting, neurological complications in children.
  • Considering rotavirus is essential for pediatric patients presenting with encephalopathy or encephalitis.
  • Further research into early rotavirus detection may improve patient outcomes and prevent unnecessary treatments.
Abstract

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