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Application of chemi- and bioluminescence in studies of immunological reactions against protozoa
The opsonization and lysis of different protozoa by antibodies and/or complement was followed using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and bioluminescence. The addition of immune serum to variable antigen type populations of Trypanosoma evansi led to the specific opsonization of trypanosomes resulting in an intense metabolic activation and chemiluminescence response of phagocytic cells. In comparison to those of uninfected control mice, the phagocytosis of coccidia merozoites by spleen cells from mice infected with Eimeria falciformis was enhanced during the acute stage of a primary infection. Opsonizing activity was demonstrated in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of gut contents of mice infected for 10 days. The incubation of E. falciformis merozoites together with guinea-pig complement resulted in slow lysis of the cells. The addition of mouse serum collected greater than 6 days after an infection led to an accelerated lysis of the merozoites, indicating the appearance of complement-fixing antibodies in the serum. Heat-inactivated immune serum alone had no lysing activity on merozoites. In the presence of complement, bovine lymphoblastoid cells infected with Theileria annulata were lysed by anti-lymphoblastoid cell serum raised in mice but not by serum from cattle which had developed immunity to Theileria annulata.
The opsonization and lysis of different protozoa by antibodies and/or complement was followed using luminol-dependent chemiluminescence and bioluminescence. The addition of immune serum to variable antigen type populations of Trypanosoma evansi led to the specific opsonization of trypanosomes resulting in an intense metabolic activation and chemiluminescence response of phagocytic cells. In comparison to those of uninfected control mice, the phagocytosis of coccidia merozoites by spleen cells from mice infected with Eimeria falciformis was enhanced during the acute stage of a primary infection. Opsonizing activity was demonstrated in phosphate-buffered saline extracts of gut contents of mice infected for 10 days. The incubation of E. falciformis merozoites together with guinea-pig complement resulted in slow lysis of the cells. The addition of mouse serum collected greater than 6 days after an infection led to an accelerated lysis of the merozoites, indicating the appearance of complement-fixing antibodies in the serum. Heat-inactivated immune serum alone had no lysing activity on merozoites. In the presence of complement, bovine lymphoblastoid cells infected with Theileria annulata were lysed by anti-lymphoblastoid cell serum raised in mice but not by serum from cattle which had developed immunity to Theileria annulata.