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Micro-dispenser-based optical packaging scheme for grating couplers.

S M Zia Uddin, Ellen Gupta, Masudur Rahim

    Optics Letters
    |April 14, 2023
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Precision micro-dispensers create self-assembled dielectric microlenses (µlenses) that enhance nanophotonic device performance. These µlenses improve angular tolerance and reduce beam spread, offering a scalable solution for optical coupling challenges.

    Area of Science:

    • Photonics and Additive Manufacturing
    • Nanophotonics and Micro-optics

    Background:

    • Ink-based additive manufacturing offers limited spatial resolution compared to nanophotonics.
    • Precision micro-dispensers achieve sub-50 µm resolution, forming self-assembled dielectric microlenses (µlenses).

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the integration of micro-dispensed µlenses with nanophotonic structures.
    • To enhance the angular performance of nanophotonic devices using µlenses.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of dielectric µlenses using precision micro-dispensers with sub-nanoliter control.
    • Integration of µlenses with silicon-on-insulator nanophotonic structures (grating couplers).
    • Experimental characterization of angular field distribution and coupling efficiency.

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    Main Results:

    • Dispensed µlenses (NA=0.36) engineer the angular field distribution of nanostructures.
    • µlenses improve input angular tolerance and reduce output beam spread.
    • Grating couplers with µlenses show <1 dB contrast variation for incident angles from 7° to 14°, compared to ~5 dB for reference devices.

    Conclusions:

    • Micro-dispensed µlenses are a fast, scalable, and back-end-of-line compatible solution for enhancing nanophotonic devices.
    • This approach effectively addresses efficiency reductions and wavelength drift caused by geometric offsets.
    • The study demonstrates significant improvements in angular performance for nanophotonic grating couplers.