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Related Concept Videos

Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

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Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
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Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

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In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
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Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

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Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
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Resurrecting Multiattribute Utility Function: Developing a Value Set for Health Utility for Glaucoma.

Kevin Kennedy1, Simon Pickard2, Jean-Eric Tarride1

  • 1Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.

Value in Health : the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research
|April 14, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new scoring function for the Health Utility for Glaucoma (HUG-5) was developed using US population preferences. This tool calculates health utilities for glaucoma, aiding economic evaluations of treatments.

Keywords:
Health Utility for Glaucomaglaucomapreference-based measuresstandard gambleutilityvalue set

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Health Economics
  • Psychometrics

Background:

  • Glaucoma management requires accurate health utility measures.
  • Existing measures may not fully capture patient preferences for glaucoma-related health states.
  • The Health Utility for Glaucoma (HUG-5) is a tool to describe glaucoma severity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a scoring function for the HUG-5 instrument.
  • To derive health utilities based on the preferences of the US general population.
  • To enable quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) estimation for economic evaluations in glaucoma.

Main Methods:

  • Elicited preferences for HUG-5 health states using standard gamble and visual analog scale.
  • Employed quota-based sampling for a representative US general population sample.
  • Utilized a multiple attribute disutility function (MADUF) approach for scoring.

Main Results:

  • A scoring function was developed, yielding utilities from 0.05 (worst) to 1 (best).
  • The model demonstrated a strong correlation (R² = 0.97) with elicited values.
  • Mean absolute error for marker states was 0.11, indicating good model fit.

Conclusions:

  • The developed MADUF for HUG-5 provides a valid method for measuring health utilities.
  • This scoring function facilitates the estimation of QALYs for economic evaluations of glaucoma interventions.
  • The findings support the use of HUG-5 in assessing the value of glaucoma treatments.