Efficient seawater desalination in lamellar nanochannel-based boridene filtration membrane

With the progressively increasing demand for freshwater, the shortage of global freshwater resources has become one of the most serious events that all humans are facing now. The reverse osmosis (RO) technology that achieves freshwater from seawater is a promising strategy. However, current RO membranes suffer from the bottleneck of low efficiency. In this work, we designed a RO membrane based on a novel two-dimensional nanomaterial, boridene, prepared by stacking them into lamellar nanochannels. We employed the molecular dynamics (MD) simulation approach to investigate the desalination performance of the designed boridene lamellar membrane. Our results showed that the water permeability through the boridene membrane increased following the incremental interlayer spacing. In addition, the boridene membrane exhibits high water permeability and ideal salt rejection, featuring water permeability far beyond those obtained from commercial RO membranes with two orders of magnitude enhancement. Further free energy calculations demonstrated that the water molecules are energetically more favorable to transport through the boridene lamellar nanochannels than ions. Therefore, our results highlight that the boridene lamellar nanochannel-based filtration membrane can be utilized as a potential outstanding candidate in RO membranes for future desalination applications.