A review on background, process and application of electrospun nanofibers for tissue regeneration

Electrospinning is a versatile method which is used to synthesize nano/micro sized fibers under the influence of an electric field. Electrospun nanoscaffolds are one of the widely accepted platforms for cultivating soft and hard tissues as they create a perfect micro-environment for cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation. Nanoscaffolds are widely used in the field of tissue engineering due to their versatility in aiding the growth of different types of cells and tissues for varied applications. The composition, molecular weight and structure of polymer used to fabricate nanoscaffold plays an important role in determining the size and strength of the nanofibers prepared. This review gives information about the background, process and different types of polymers used in electrospinning. Recent advances in culturing liver cells, osteoblasts, skin cells, neural cells and coronary artery smooth muscle cells on nanoscaffolds are also elucidated.