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Schizophrenia and co-morbidity risk: Evidence from a data driven phenomewide association study
Anwar Mulugeta1, Vijayaprakash Suppiah2, Elina Hyppönen3
1Australian Centre for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Journal of Psychiatric Research
|April 15, 2023
Summary
Genetic risk for schizophrenia is linked to increased odds of anxiety, bipolar disorder, and depression. This study also found associations with lower vitamin D and other biomarkers, suggesting broader health management for patients.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatric Genetics
- Complex Disease Epidemiology
- Biomarker Discovery
Background:
- Schizophrenia is a severe psychiatric disorder with high morbidity and mortality.
- Understanding its genetic underpinnings and associated health risks is crucial for patient care.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the phenotypic associations of schizophrenia using a genetic risk score (GRS).
- To identify causal relationships between schizophrenia and various disease outcomes.
- To explore the association of schizophrenia with serum, urine, and neuroimaging biomarkers.
Main Methods:
- Utilized UK Biobank data from 337,484 participants.
- Performed Phenome-Wide Association Studies (PheWAS) with a schizophrenia GRS against 1135 disease outcomes.
- Employed Mendelian Randomization (MR) to assess causality and analyzed biomarker data.
Main Results:
- Schizophrenia GRS associated with 54 disease outcomes, including higher odds for anxiety, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, and suicidal ideation.
- Causal links found with 10 distinct diseases; inverse associations observed for type 1 diabetes, coronary atherosclerosis, and musculoskeletal disorders.
- Associated with lower serum 25(OH)D, gamma glutamyltransferase, cystatin C, and serum creatinine; no association with neuroimaging markers.
Conclusions:
- Confirms comorbidity of schizophrenia with other mental health disorders.
- Biomarker associations suggest potential influence of lifestyle factors.
- Highlights the need for comprehensive health screening and management in schizophrenia patients.
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