Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

504
In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
504
Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of β-Receptor Blockers01:27

Adrenergic Antagonists: Pharmacological Actions of β-Receptor Blockers

904
β-receptor blockers significantly impact the cardiovascular system by counteracting catecholamine-induced sympathetic responses. These medications decrease heart rate, contractility, and cardiac output, potentially leading to cardiac depression, life-threatening bradycardia, and death. Therapeutically, β-blockers function as mild antihypertensives and are utilized in treating angina pectoris and cardiac arrhythmias. However, nonselective β-blockers inhibit β2-receptors in...
904
Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment01:28

Angle Closure Glaucoma: Treatment

589
Angle-closure glaucoma, or closed-angle glaucoma, is an eye condition where the iris bulges out and blocks the iridocorneal angle, resulting in a buildup of aqueous humor and increased intraocular pressure. Immediate medical attention is necessary due to the sudden onset of symptoms. The treatment for angle-closure glaucoma includes short-term and long-term approaches. Short-term treatment involves using eye drops like pilocarpine to lower intraocular pressure by increasing aqueous humor...
589
Cholinergic Antagonists: Therapeutic Uses01:26

Cholinergic Antagonists: Therapeutic Uses

795
Antimuscarinic drugs have various therapeutic applications by inhibiting parasympathetic stimulation in different systems. Here are the key therapeutic uses of antimuscarinics:    
Respiratory Tract: Ipratropium, aclidinium, and tiotropium treat asthma, chronic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). They protect against bronchoconstriction caused by irritants like cigarette smoke, sulfur dioxide, and ozone. They also help reduce nasopharyngeal...
795
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

652
Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
652
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:11

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

809
Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren...
809

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Sunitinib and Fenofibrate as Combination Therapy for MDR Glioblastoma: Insights from <i>In Vitro</i> and <i>In Silico</i> Studies.

Oncology research·2026
Same author

Poliovirus receptor (PVR) expression as a predictor of relapse in colorectal cancer: bioinformatics and virtual screening.

Experimental biology and medicine (Maywood, N.J.)·2026
Same author

Dual protection by naringin and dexrazoxane against iron-induced erythrocyte damage: Exploring their synergistic regulation of ferroptosis and eryptosis.

Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS)·2026
Same author

Multi-target therapeutic potential of Neem (<i>Azadirachta indica</i>) phytochemicals in Alzheimer's disease: an integrative network pharmacology and molecular dynamics simulation approach.

In silico pharmacology·2025
Same author

Faculty perspectives on artificial intelligence's adoption in the health sciences education: a multicentre survey.

Frontiers in medicine·2025
Same author

Indazol-Pyrimidine Hybrids: Design, Synthesis, and Antiproliferative Activity Against Human Cancer Cell Lines.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

13.2K

Brimonidine.

Ahmed H Bakheit1, Ahmed M Alomar2, Hany Darwish3

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Al-Neelain University, Khartoum, Sudan.

Profiles of Drug Substances, Excipients, and Related Methodology
|April 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Brimonidine, a selective 2-adrenoceptor agonist, effectively treats glaucoma by reducing eye pressure. This review details its properties, analysis, and pharmacology for comprehensive understanding.

Keywords:
BrimonidineClinical pharmacologyHPLCMethods of preparationOcular hypertension on the eyelidsOpen-angle glaucomaSelective 2-adrenoceptor agonistSpectrometric analysis

More Related Videos

Intraoperative Visualization of Subretinal Injection and Retinal Detachment in Rats
04:16

Intraoperative Visualization of Subretinal Injection and Retinal Detachment in Rats

Published on: March 7, 2025

529
Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

21.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation
08:30

Glaucoma-inducing Procedure in an In Vivo Rat Model and Whole-mount Retina Preparation

Published on: March 12, 2016

13.2K
Intraoperative Visualization of Subretinal Injection and Retinal Detachment in Rats
04:16

Intraoperative Visualization of Subretinal Injection and Retinal Detachment in Rats

Published on: March 7, 2025

529
Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
09:17

Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia

Published on: November 6, 2017

21.7K

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Ophthalmology
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Brimonidine is a selective 2-adrenoceptor agonist used to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension.
  • It functions by decreasing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow, thereby lowering intraocular pressure (IOP).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of brimonidine.
  • This includes its nomenclature, physicochemical properties, preparation, and identification.
  • The chapter also covers analytical techniques, ADME profiles, pharmacological effects, and separation methods for combination formulations.

Main Methods:

  • The chapter discusses various analytical techniques for brimonidine quantification and identification.
  • Chromatographic and spectroscopic methods are detailed for separating brimonidine in combination formulations.

Main Results:

  • The review consolidates information on brimonidine's chemical and physical characteristics.
  • It highlights its pharmacological actions and metabolic profile (ADME).

Conclusions:

  • Brimonidine is a key therapeutic agent for glaucoma management.
  • Comprehensive analytical and pharmacological data are essential for its effective use and formulation development.