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Related Concept Videos

Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

Biological Methods for Microbial Control

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Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

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Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
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The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
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Microbial growth control refers to various methods employed to inhibit, reduce, or eliminate microorganisms to ensure safety and hygiene across different settings. These methods are categorized based on the target environment and the level of microbial control required.Biocides are versatile agents designed to control microorganisms by either inhibiting their growth or outright killing them. These agents work through various physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological mechanisms. The...
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Establishment of a High-throughput Setup for Screening Small Molecules That Modulate c-di-GMP Signaling in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
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Gasdermin D kills bacteria.

Abosede Salami1, Sahana Bettadapura2, Shanzhi Wang1

  • 1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, Queens, NY 11439, United States.

Microbiological Research
|April 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) drives pyroptosis, a cell death crucial for fighting infection. However, GSDMD

Keywords:
BacteriaCaspaseGSDMDInflammasomePyroptosis

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Innate immunity relies on recognizing pathogen- or damage-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs/DAMPs).
  • Inflammasomes are cytosolic protein complexes that activate inflammatory caspases and release pro-inflammatory mediators.
  • Pyroptosis is a programmed necrotic cell death pathway integral to host defense.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dual role of gasdermin D (GSDMD) in host immune defense.
  • To explore GSDMD's mechanism in pyroptosis against bacterial pathogens.
  • To analyze GSDMD's contribution to pathogen clearance versus hindering immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of GSDMD's function in innate immunity.
  • Analysis of GSDMD's role in pyroptosis.
  • Examination of GSDMD's impact on host defense against various pathogens.

Main Results:

  • Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is essential for pyroptosis, a key host defense mechanism.
  • GSDMD facilitates the clearance of certain bacterial pathogens.
  • GSDMD activity can impede host immunity against other pathogens, promoting invasion.

Conclusions:

  • GSDMD's role in pyroptosis presents a 'two-edged sword' in host defense.
  • Controlled pyroptosis via GSDMD has therapeutic potential against infections.
  • GSDMD's complex role necessitates further investigation for effective immune strategies.