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Mpox: Risks and approaches to prevention.

Fatma Amer1, Hend E S Khalil2, Mohammed Elahmady3

  • 1Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt; Executive Committee member International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (ISAC); Viral Infection Working Group/International Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (ISAC).

Journal of Infection and Public Health
|April 16, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Mpox (monkeypox) virus outbreaks require effective infection control. This review examines risk management and preventive strategies to combat the global spread of Mpox, focusing on vulnerable populations and transmission routes.

Keywords:
Infection prevention and controlMonkeypoxMpoxOutbreakRisk assessment

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Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • The Mpox (formerly monkeypox) virus outbreak, declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern by the WHO in July 2022, necessitates robust infection prevention and control strategies.
  • Mpox transmission occurs through direct, indirect, prolonged contact, sexual transmission, and respiratory routes, posing risks to specific populations.
  • High-risk groups include men who have sex with men, home pet-raisers, healthcare workers, the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, pregnant women, and children, with potential for animal spillover.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent findings on Mpox risk management.
  • To outline effective preventive strategies for the ongoing Mpox outbreak.
  • To emphasize the importance of risk communication and community engagement.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent scientific findings on Mpox.
  • Analysis of transmission routes and risk factors.
  • Synthesis of current knowledge on prevention and control measures.

Main Results:

  • Mpox risk assessment involves qualitative and quantitative determination of infection risks.
  • Effective control requires tailored prevention measures considering transmission dynamics and vulnerable groups.
  • Vaccine availability is a key factor in outbreak containment.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive risk management and preventive strategies are critical to control the global Mpox outbreak.
  • Community engagement and clear risk communication are essential for effective public health interventions.
  • Preventing further viral spread requires a multi-faceted approach including vaccination and targeted control measures.