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Related Concept Videos

Telomeres and Telomerase02:41

Telomeres and Telomerase

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In eukaryotic DNA replication, a single-stranded DNA fragment remains at the end of a chromosome after the removal of the final primer. This section of DNA cannot be replicated in the same manner as the rest of the strand because there is no 3’ end to which the newly synthesized DNA can attach. This non-replicated fragment results in gradual loss of the chromosomal DNA during each cell duplication. Additionally, it can induce a DNA damage response by enzymes that recognize single-stranded...
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Replicative Cell Senescence02:15

Replicative Cell Senescence

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Replicative cell senescence is a property of cells that allows them to divide a finite number of times throughout the organism's lifespan while preventing excessive proliferation. Replicative senescence is associated with the gradual loss of the telomere — short, repetitive DNA sequences found at the end of the chromosomes. Telomeres are bound by a group of proteins to form a protective cap on the ends of chromosomes. Embryonic stem cells express telomerase — an enzyme that adds...
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Replication in Eukaryotes01:29

Replication in Eukaryotes

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In eukaryotic cells, DNA replication is highly conserved and tightly regulated. Multiple linear chromosomes must be duplicated with high fidelity before cell division, so there are many proteins that fulfill specialized roles in the replication process. Replication occurs in three phases: initiation, elongation, and termination, and ends with two complete sets of chromosomes in the nucleus.
Many Proteins Orchestrate Replication at the Origin
Eukaryotic replication follows many of the same...
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Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

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Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

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As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue01:15

Neurogenesis and Regeneration of Nervous Tissue

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In the CNS, neurogenesis, the birth of new neurons from stem cells, is limited to the hippocampus in adults. In other regions of the brain and spinal cord, neurogenesis is almost non-existent due to inhibitory influences from neuroglia, especially oligodendrocytes, and the absence of growth-stimulating cues. The myelin produced by oligodendrocytes in the CNS inhibits neuronal regeneration. Furthermore, astrocytes proliferate rapidly after neuronal damage, forming scar tissue that physically...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Telomerase Activity in the Various Regions of Mouse Brain: Non-Radioactive Telomerase Repeat Amplification Protocol TRAP Assay
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Telomerase Activity in the Various Regions of Mouse Brain: Non-Radioactive Telomerase Repeat Amplification Protocol TRAP Assay

Published on: September 2, 2014

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Telomerase reverse transcriptase and neurodegenerative diseases.

Xin Yu1, Meng-Meng Liu1, Cai-Yun Zheng1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Major Chronic Diseases of Nervous System of Liaoning Province, Health Sciences Institute of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|April 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Telomere reverse transcriptase (TERT) may impact neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) by influencing T cells and cellular aging. Understanding TERT

Keywords:
T cellagingnervous systemneurodegenerative diseasestelomerase reverse transcriptase

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Utilizing Murine Inducible Telomerase Alleles in the Studies of Tissue Degeneration/Regeneration and Cancer
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Lineage Tracing of Inducible Fluorescently-Labeled Stem Cells in the Adult Mouse Brain
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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Immunology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's are age-related and involve progressive nervous system damage.
  • Telomere shortening, a marker of cellular aging, is linked to aging and disease.
  • Telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) maintains telomere length, potentially counteracting cellular aging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current research on the role of TERT in neurodegenerative diseases (NDs).
  • To explore the potential links between TERT, T cells, and the pathogenesis of NDs.
  • To investigate TERT's influence on T cell senescence and immune responses in the context of NDs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of existing studies on TERT, T cells, and neurodegenerative diseases.
  • Analysis of research findings on the biological functions of TERT and telomeres.
  • Examination of the role of T cells and the blood-brain barrier in NDs.

Main Results:

  • TERT plays a role in maintaining telomere length and may influence cellular senescence.
  • T cells, despite their limited presence in the central nervous system, are implicated in the progression of NDs.
  • Emerging evidence suggests TERT may modulate T cell function and senescence, impacting ND development.

Conclusions:

  • TERT is a potential factor in the interplay between aging, immunity, and neurodegeneration.
  • Further research into TERT and telomere biology could reveal novel therapeutic targets for age-related neurological disorders.
  • Investigating the TERT-T cell axis may offer new strategies for managing neurodegenerative diseases.