Retrospective analysis of Vibrio spp. isolated from marketed crustaceans using multilocus sequence analysis
Mohammad Shamsur Rahman1, Sarah Currò2, Lisa Carraro2
1Aquatic Animal Health Group, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Italian Journal of Food Safety
|April 17, 2023
Summary
Accurate identification of Vibrio bacteria is crucial for public health. Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) using four housekeeping genes offers a reliable method for identifying Vibrio strains, improving risk assessment for seafood and human health.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Genomics
- Public Health
Background:
- The genus *Vibrio* comprises diverse bacteria causing significant human and animal diseases.
- Accurate identification of *Vibrio* species is critical for assessing risks associated with aquatic organisms and safeguarding public health.
- Traditional biochemical identification methods may overestimate certain *Vibrio* pathogens.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the efficacy of Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) for identifying *Vibrio* strains isolated from crustaceans.
- To compare MLSA results with conventional biochemical identification tests.
- To explore potential epidemiological links between *Vibrio* strains using genomic data.
Main Methods:
- Application of a Multilocus Sequence Analysis (MLSA) scheme using four housekeeping genes (*gyr*B, *pyr*H, *rec*A, and *atp*A).
- Phylogenetic and population analyses were performed on concatenated sequences of the housekeeping genes.
- Comparison of MLSA-based identification with results from biochemical identification tests.
Main Results:
- Phylogenetic analysis revealed 10 distinct clusters and 4 singletons among the 92 *Vibrio* strains.
- Population analysis identified 12 well-supported subpopulations, with minor exceptions.
- MLSA enabled correct re-attribution of species, highlighting potential overestimation of phenotypic identification for pathogens like *V. parahaemolyticus*.
Conclusions:
- MLSA is a robust tool for accurate *Vibrio* species identification, surpassing biochemical methods in some cases.
- MLSA supports the identification of both major risk *Vibrio* pathogens (*V. cholerae*, *V. vulnificus*, *V. parahaemolyticus*) and those considered minor risks (*V. alginolyticus*, *V. mimicus*, *V. fluvialis*).
- Genomic approaches like MLSA are essential for investigating epidemiological links and enhancing consumer protection, especially with rising vibriosis incidence in Europe.
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