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Characteristics of Cardiac Abnormalities in Pediatric Patients With Acute COVID-19

Daniel Pasternack1,2, Rakesh K Singh1,2, Prashant K Minocha1,2

  • 1Pediatric Cardiology, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at New York University (NYU) Langone, New York, USA.

Cureus
|April 17, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Acute COVID-19 can cause cardiac abnormalities in children. Electrocardiogram and troponin tests help identify children at risk for heart injury during acute coronavirus disease 2019.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiovascular Medicine

Background:

  • Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is associated with cardiac abnormalities in adults.
  • Cardiac effects in children with acute COVID-19 are less understood compared to multisystem inflammatory syndrome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the cardiac effects of acute COVID-19 in hospitalized children (<21 years).
  • To identify potential biomarkers for cardiac injury in pediatric COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective observational study across three New York City healthcare systems.
  • Analysis of electrocardiograms, echocardiograms, troponin, and B-type natriuretic peptide levels.
  • Inclusion of 317 hospitalized pediatric patients.

Main Results:

  • 41% of tested children (131/317) showed cardiac abnormalities.
  • Electrocardiogram abnormalities (39%) and elevated troponin (18%) were common findings.
  • Ventricular dysfunction was observed in 19% of echocardiogram-tested patients, resolving by follow-up.

Conclusions:

  • Electrocardiogram and troponin levels are valuable tools for identifying children at risk of cardiac injury from acute COVID-19.
  • Prompt identification and monitoring can aid in managing cardiac complications in pediatric COVID-19.

Keywords:
covid-19electrocardiogrammyocarditispediatricsventricular dysfunction

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