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Control of Eating Behavior Using a Novel Feedback System
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Capacity for Regulation of Energy Intake in Infancy.

Lyndsey A F Reynolds1, Harlan McCaffery2, Danielle Appugliese3

  • 1Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

JAMA Pediatrics
|April 17, 2023
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Healthy infants may overeat when offered frequent feedings, indicating potential challenges in regulating energy intake. This research supports responsive feeding strategies to prevent excess infant weight gain.

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Infant Growth and Development
  • Energy Balance

Background:

  • Regulation of energy intake (REI) is crucial for managing weight gain, with preventing excess infant weight gain being a key public health priority.
  • Understanding infant REI capacity informs strategies for healthy growth and development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the capacity for regulation of energy intake (REI) in healthy, full-term infants throughout the first year of life.
  • To investigate how feeding frequency impacts infant caloric intake and REI.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study involving 175 mother-infant dyads, with infants followed from 1 to 12 months.
  • Infants were exposed to two conditions: frequent hourly feedings (intervention) and typical ad libitum feedings (control) for 6 hours.
  • Caloric intake was measured, and REI was calculated as the difference in intake between conditions, analyzed using mixed-effects models.

Main Results:

  • On average, infants consumed significantly more calories (5.21 kcal/kg) in the frequent feeding condition compared to the control condition.
  • This difference in intake did not significantly change over the 12-month study period, suggesting a consistent tendency to overeat with increased feeding frequency.
  • The average 12-month weight-for-age z-score for the infants was 0.1 (SD 0.8).

Conclusions:

  • Healthy, full-term infants may overeat when offered more frequent feedings, highlighting potential limitations in their immediate REI capacity.
  • Findings support responsive feeding practices as a valuable approach for preventing excessive infant weight gain.
  • Further research may explore long-term implications and individual variations in infant energy regulation.