Bilateral renal hydatid disease associated with complex urolithiasis: A case report

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Urology
• Parasitology

Background:

• Bilateral renal hydatidosis and urolithiasis are rarely associated conditions.
• Hydatid cysts can mimic cystic renal malignancies, posing diagnostic challenges.

Observation:

• A 56-year-old female with chronic kidney disease presented with flank pain, bilateral kidney cysts, ureteral stones, and calyceal stones.
• Imaging showed a 56mm exophytic right renal mass and a 35mm left renal mass.
• The patient underwent right ureteroscopy, partial nephrectomy, and pyelotomy for stone extraction.

Findings:

• Histopathology confirmed a hydatid cyst in the right kidney.
• The surgical intervention successfully removed renal and ureteral stones, achieving a stone-free status.
• The left-sided hydatid cyst was managed conservatively with monitoring.

Implications:

• A stepwise approach is crucial for managing co-existing renal masses and urolithiasis.
• Minimizing patient morbidity is paramount, especially in patients with compromised renal function.
• Conservative management of contralateral lesions may be appropriate to preserve renal function.