Listeria monocytogenes: brain abscess or meningoencephalitis?
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Abstract:
A brain abscess caused by Listeria monocytogenes developed in an immunosuppressed renal transplant patient. Meningitis and meningoencephalitis from this organism were encountered in three other renal transplant recipients at this medical center during the past 4 years. Focal neurologic deficits occurred in patients with either Listeria abscess or meningoencephalitis. Computerized tomography was a rapid aid to the diagnosis of abscess. Immunosuppression has increased the incidence of central nervous system Listeria infections, but ampicillin still provides effective treatment, even when immunosuppressive therapy is continued. Limited experience with Listeria brain abscess suggests that surgical intervention improves the prognosis.
Insights
Central nervous system infections caused by Listeria monocytogenes are a serious risk for immunosuppressed renal transplant patients. Early diagnosis with CT scans and treatment with ampicillin, potentially combined with surgery for abscesses, improves patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Neurosurgery
- Transplantation Immunology
Background:
- Listeria monocytogenes is an opportunistic pathogen.
- Immunosuppressed patients, particularly renal transplant recipients, are at increased risk for Listeria infections.
- Central nervous system (CNS) involvement, including brain abscess, meningitis, and meningoencephalitis, can occur.