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Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccination during June-October 2021: A multi-site prospective study.

Reva S Datar1, Lida M Fette2, Amy N Hinkelman3

  • 1Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Vaccine
|April 17, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Vaccine hesitancy can be overcome. Beliefs about disease severity, vaccine safety, and trust influence COVID-19 vaccination decisions, even for those initially hesitant.

Keywords:
COVID-19COVID-19 vaccine hesitancyCOVID-19 vaccinesSARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Vaccine hesitancy poses a significant barrier to controlling the COVID-19 pandemic.
  • Understanding the beliefs underlying delayed vaccine uptake is crucial for developing effective interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify beliefs and factors associated with delayed COVID-19 vaccine uptake.
  • To characterize vaccine-hesitant individuals and predictors of eventual vaccination.

Main Methods:

  • An online survey assessed attitudes and beliefs regarding COVID-19 vaccination in June 2021.
  • Self-reported vaccination status was tracked through October 2021.
  • Statistical analyses, including Cox proportional hazards models, identified predictors of vaccination.

Main Results:

  • Among initially unvaccinated participants, 43.9% became vaccinated by October 2021.
  • Unvaccinated individuals reported lower concern about contracting COVID-19.
  • Factors like motivation to protect self/others and concerns about vaccine safety predicted vaccination, mediated by intention.

Conclusions:

  • Vaccine hesitancy can be overcome, as individuals with no initial intention to vaccinate eventually did.
  • Perceived disease severity, vaccine safety, and trust are key predictors of vaccination.
  • These factors present opportunities for targeted public health interventions.