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Spatial Disorientation Scenarios for the AW159 Helicopter Within a Synthetic Training Environment.

Alaistair J R Bushby, Steven J Gaydos

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    |April 18, 2023
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    Simulator training for rotary wing aircrews effectively addresses spatial disorientation (SD). This immersive approach enhances hazard awareness and perceived ability to manage SD threats during demanding flight operations.

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    Area of Science:

    • Aviation Psychology
    • Human Factors Engineering
    • Military Training

    Background:

    • Spatial disorientation (SD) is a significant challenge for rotary wing (RW) aircrews, especially under high workload or with misleading visual cues.
    • British RW Forces utilize a layered training strategy incorporating simulator-based immersive scenarios to combat SD.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To evaluate the effectiveness of bespoke, immersive simulator-based training scenarios for spatial disorientation (SD) in rotary wing (RW) aircrews.
    • To assess aircrew perceptions of hazard awareness, training effectiveness, and response capabilities following SD simulator training.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of ten unique RW SD training scenarios for the AW159 Wildcat helicopter simulator.
    • Voluntary, anonymous post-sortie surveys assessed aircrew perceptions; instructor assessments provided independent disorientation determination.

    Main Results:

    • Sixty-nine surveys showed high median scores (6.0) across hazard awareness, training effectiveness, relevance, and perceived response ability.
    • A majority of aircrews (68%) experienced disorientation during simulator sorties.
    • Previous SD training indicated good community penetration.

    Conclusions:

    • Bespoke SD simulator training offers a flexible, immersive, and effective method to address SD root causes within a synthetic environment.
    • Simulator-based SD training is a valuable component of a layered, multimodal training approach for RW aircrews.