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Two structural features of the DNA molecule provide a basis for the mechanisms of heredity: the four nucleotide bases and its double-stranded nature. The Watson-Crick model of double-helical DNA structure, proposed in 1952, drew heavily upon the X-ray crystallography work of researchers Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins. Watson, Crick, and Wilkins jointly received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for their work in 1962. Franklin was, controversially, excluded from the prize for...
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Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
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Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Analyzing and Building Nucleic Acid Structures with 3DNA
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DNA as in-formation.

Mareile Kaufmann1

  • 1Department of Criminology and Sociology of Law University of Oslo Oslo Norway.

Wires. Forensic Science
|April 18, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forensic traces, especially DNA, are dynamic and change as they interact with people and technology. Understanding DNA as "in-formation" helps manage its transformation in forensic science.

Keywords:
DNADigital forensicsinformationtechnology

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Forensic Biology
  • Crime Scene Investigation

Background:

  • The 2022 Sydney Declaration established seven forensic principles, with the first emphasizing traces as fundamental information vectors.
  • Understanding the nature of trace evidence, particularly DNA, is crucial in forensic investigations.
  • The increasing integration of algorithmic technologies and big data in forensics necessitates a deeper examination of how trace information is handled.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose the concept of "in-formation" to better understand "trace as information".
  • To explore the dynamic nature of DNA as it interacts with forensic environments, technologies, and personnel.
  • To highlight the relevance of this concept in the context of algorithmic technologies and DNA data.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of the "trace as information" principle.
  • Exploration of DNA's transformative properties in forensic contexts.
  • Discussion of the implications of "in-formation" for techno-scientific interactions and decision-making.

Main Results:

  • DNA is presented as "matter in becoming," constantly changing through interactions.
  • The concept of "in-formation" is introduced to capture these dynamic transformations.
  • Algorithmic technologies and big data render DNA into new forms, requiring careful consideration.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding DNA as "in-formation" is vital for managing its evolution in forensic science.
  • This concept aids in identifying critical moments of techno-scientific interaction requiring methodological decisions.
  • It assists in tracing the future forms of DNA evidence and their potential consequences.