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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

Direct force measurement and loading on developing tissues in intact avian embryos.

Chon U Chan^1,2, Fengzhu Xiong^1,3,4, Arthur Michaut³

¹John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.

Development (Cambridge, England)

|April 18, 2023

Summary

Researchers developed tissue force microscopy (TiFM) to measure and control forces in developing embryos. This new method quantitatively captures tissue stress dynamics, aiding the study of developmental morphogenesis.

Keywords:

Avian embryo Body axis Feedback-control Loading Tissue forces

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Last Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Probing the Roles of Physical Forces in Early Chick Embryonic Morphogenesis

Published on: June 5, 2018

An ex-ovo Chicken Embryo Culture System Suitable for Imaging and Microsurgery Applications

An ex-ovo Chicken Embryo Culture System Suitable for Imaging and Microsurgery Applications

Published on: October 23, 2010

Author Spotlight: Non-Contact Measurement of Tissue Mechanics in Live Chick Embryos Using Brillouin Microscopy

Author Spotlight: Non-Contact Measurement of Tissue Mechanics in Live Chick Embryos Using Brillouin Microscopy

Published on: November 10, 2023

Area of Science:

Developmental Biology
Biophysics
Mechanobiology

Background:

Developmental morphogenesis relies on tissue stresses and rheology.
Measuring forces in small, developing tissues in situ is challenging due to precision and invasiveness requirements.

Purpose of the Study:

Introduce a novel control-based approach, tissue force microscopy (TiFM), for quantitative force measurement and manipulation in developing embryos.
Enable high-precision, minimally invasive mechanical analysis of small tissues during morphogenesis.

Main Methods:

TiFM integrates a mechanical cantilever probe, live imaging, and closed-loop feedback control.
The system applies stable, physiologically relevant loads to early chicken embryos.
Measurements were performed on force-producing tissues in the elongating body axis.

Main Results:

TiFM quantitatively captures stress dynamics in developing tissues with high sensitivity.
The method allows for controlled application of mechanical loads to drive tissue deformation.
Morphogenetic progression associated with large-scale cell movements can be tracked.

Conclusions:

TiFM provides unprecedented control over force measurement and manipulation in small developing embryos.
This technique facilitates a quantitative understanding of complex multi-tissue mechanics during development.
TiFM is a promising tool for advancing research in developmental biophysics.