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Functional aerobic capacity and body size.

W T Houlsby

    Archives of Disease in Childhood
    |April 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    A new treadmill test accurately measures aerobic capacity in children. For boys, aerobic capacity strongly correlates with age, while for girls, lean body mass is the key factor.

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    Area of Science:

    • Pediatric Exercise Physiology
    • Cardiorespiratory Fitness Assessment

    Background:

    • Assessing functional aerobic capacity in children is crucial for understanding their physical health.
    • Existing methods may not be suitable or validated for young children.
    • Treadmill exercise tests offer a standardized approach to evaluate aerobic fitness.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To design and evaluate an endurance treadmill exercise test protocol for children under 10 years of age.
    • To assess the relationship between functional aerobic capacity and age, body size, and sex in primary schoolchildren.
    • To determine predictors of functional aerobic capacity in boys and girls.

    Main Methods:

    • Development and validation of a 2-minute stage treadmill exercise test protocol with increasing speed and gradient.
    • Semi-longitudinal study involving 160 exercise tests on healthy primary schoolchildren.
    • Measurement of endurance time and prediction of maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) in ml/kg/min.
    • Statistical analysis including correlation and stepwise multiple regression to identify predictors of functional aerobic capacity.

    Main Results:

    • A significant relationship was found between treadmill test duration and oxygen uptake (ml/kg/min).
    • In boys (ages 5-9.5), functional aerobic capacity increased from 33.8 to 50.5 ml/kg/min, primarily related to age.
    • In girls (ages 5-9.5), functional aerobic capacity increased from 34.9 to 43.5 ml/kg/min, positively related to lean body mass and age, and negatively to weight.
    • Lean body mass was the strongest predictor for girls (53.9% variance).
    • Significant sex-based differences in functional aerobic capacity were observed.

    Conclusions:

    • The designed treadmill protocol is effective for evaluating functional aerobic capacity in young children.
    • Age is a primary determinant of aerobic capacity in young boys.
    • Body composition, particularly lean body mass, significantly influences aerobic capacity in young girls.
    • The findings highlight important sex-specific developmental trajectories of cardiorespiratory fitness in childhood.

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