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Ultrasound computed tomography based on full waveform inversion with source directivity calibration.

Xiaoqing Wu1, Yubing Li2, Chang Su1

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Ultrasound computed tomography requires accurate transducer directivity. This study introduces a virtual point-source array method for efficient, self-checking directivity calibration, improving image quality.

Keywords:
Directivity calibrationFull waveform inversionMedical ultrasound imagingUltrasound computed tomography

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Acoustic Imaging

Background:

  • Ultrasound computed tomography (UCT) offers high-resolution, quantitative imaging of human tissues.
  • Accurate knowledge of transducer acquisition arrays, including spatial position and directivity, is critical for clinical UCT.
  • Conventional full waveform inversion (FWI) algorithms often assume omni-directional point sources, which is inaccurate when transducer directivity is significant.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop an efficient and accurate method for self-checking and calibrating the directivity of emitting transducers in UCT systems.
  • To address the limitations of the point source assumption in FWI by incorporating transducer directivity.
  • To improve the quality of reconstructed images in UCT by reducing artifacts caused by inaccurate source assumptions.

Main Methods:

  • Proposed a weighted virtual point-source array as a proxy for emitting transducers during numerical simulations.
  • Measured transducer directivity using full-matrix captured data from target-free, water-immersed experiments.
  • Calculated virtual array weights using a gradient-based local optimization method and an analytical solver to reduce computational cost.

Main Results:

  • Verified the feasibility, efficiency, and accuracy of the virtual array method through both simulated and experimental tests.
  • Demonstrated that directivity calibration using this method reduces artifacts compared to the conventional point source assumption.
  • Showcased improved quality of reconstructed images when directivity is properly calibrated.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed weighted virtual point-source array method enables efficient and accurate directivity self-checking for UCT transducers.
  • Directivity calibration is crucial for enhancing the performance of FWI in UCT, leading to higher quality images.
  • This approach facilitates practical implementation of UCT systems by addressing a key limitation in current FWI algorithms.