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Global Trends in Occupational Lung Disease.
Robert A Cohen1, Leonard H T Go1, Cecile S Rose2,3
1Division of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois.
Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
|April 18, 2023
Summary
Occupational lung diseases are underdiagnosed, yet preventable. This review highlights their significant burden and emphasizes the need for improved workplace surveillance and exposure controls to protect worker health.
Area of Science:
- Occupational Medicine
- Public Health
- Respiratory Medicine
Background:
- Workplace exposures cause a significant portion of lung diseases, often misdiagnosed.
- Over 10% of all lung diseases are estimated to stem from occupational factors.
- Many occupational lung conditions are indistinguishable from general population diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent estimates of the global burden of occupational lung diseases.
- To focus on chronic respiratory diseases, cancers, interstitial lung diseases, and infections.
- To present data on mortality and disability-adjusted life years lost due to these conditions.
Main Methods:
- Review of data from UN specialized agencies and Global Burden of Disease studies.
- Analysis of estimates for chronic obstructive lung disease, asthma, lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, and respiratory infections.
- Inclusion of prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years data where available.
Main Results:
- Occupational chronic respiratory diseases (COPD, asthma) and lung cancer are significant burdens.
- Classic interstitial lung diseases (asbestosis, silicosis) remain prevalent.
- Occupational respiratory infections, including those from SARS-CoV-2, have gained prominence.
Conclusions:
- Occupational lung diseases represent a substantial global health burden.
- Effective exposure controls and medical surveillance are crucial for prevention.
- A concerted effort from government, industry, labor, and medicine is required to address this challenge.
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