Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2025
08:10
Building Langmuir Probes and Emissive Probes for Plasma Potential Measurements in Low Pressure, Low Temperature Plasmas
Published on: May 25, 2021
4.3K
Implications of nonzero photon mass on plasma equilibria
1Department of Physics, New York Institute of Technology, Old Westbury, New York 11568, USA.
Physical Review. E
|April 19, 2023
Summary
Researchers explored the Beltrami state in ideal plasma with massive electromagnetism. This led to a triple curl magnetic potential, offering new insights into plasma physics and potential astrophysical observations.
Area of Science:
- Plasma Physics
- Electromagnetism
- Astrophysics
Background:
- The Beltrami state is a fundamental concept in ideal plasma dynamics.
- Previous studies have not fully incorporated the implications of massive electromagnetism on plasma states.
- Understanding plasma behavior under massive photon fields is crucial for advanced physics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the Beltrami state in a single-species ideal plasma within the framework of massive electromagnetism.
- To explore the consequences of a massive photon field on plasma vortical dynamics.
- To derive and analyze the resulting magnetic vector potential state.
Main Methods:
- Inclusion of a massive photon field, treated as a mobile fluid, into ideal plasma dynamics.
- Construction of a variational principle for energy minimization with helicity invariants.
- Analytical solution in cylindrical geometry.
Main Results:
- A triple curl Beltrami state of the magnetic vector potential (A) was identified.
- This state is obtainable through constrained energy minimization.
- The state exhibits three distinct length scales: system length, species' skin depth, and photon Compton wavelength.
Conclusions:
- The study presents an analytical solution for the triple curl Beltrami state in cylindrical geometry.
- This state is a linear combination of three single Beltrami states.
- Potential observational signatures in astrophysical and laboratory plasmas are discussed, opening avenues for experimental verification.
Related Concept Videos
01:14Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Spin State Population Distribution
1.1K
Near absolute zero temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field, the majority of nuclei prefer the lower energy spin-up state to the higher energy spin-down state. As temperatures increase, the energy from thermal collisions distributes the spins more equally between the two states. The Boltzmann distribution equation gives the ratio of the number of spins predicted in the spin −½ (N−) and spin +½ (N+) states.
1.1K
01:09Electron Behavior
8.2K
Electrons are negatively charged subatomic particles attracted to and orbit around the positively-charged nucleus of an atom. They reside in spaces associated with energy levels called shells and are further organized into subshells and orbitals within each shell.
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
Electrons Orbit the Nucleus
Electrons are found in specific locations outside of the nucleus. The shell in which an electron resides indicates the general energy level of the electron: those closer to the nucleus have less energy,...
8.2K
01:19Thomson's e/m Experiment
3.9K
In a beam of charged particles created by a heated cathode, the particles move at different speeds. However, many applications need a beam with uniform particle speeds. An arrangement known as a velocity selector uses electric and magnetic fields to pick particles with a particular speed from the beam.
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The...
A particle with charge q, speed v, and mass m enters an area from the top, where the magnetic and electric fields are perpendicular both to the particle's motion and to one another. The...
3.9K
01:23Equilibrium Conditions for a Particle
1.3K
When an object is in equilibrium, it is either at rest or moving with a constant velocity. There are two types of equilibrium: static and dynamic. Static equilibrium occurs when an object is at rest, while dynamic equilibrium occurs when an object is moving with a constant velocity. In both cases, there must be a balance of forces acting on the object.
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
To understand the concept of equilibrium, let us first consider the forces acting on an object. When different forces act on an object, they can...
1.3K
01:19Inductively Coupled Plasma–Mass Spectrometry (ICP–MS): Overview
831
In inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry (ICP–MS), an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch is used as an atomizer and ionizer. Solid samples are dissolved and volatilized before being introduced into the high-temperature argon plasma, while solution samples are nebulized and passed through the high-temperature argon plasma. Plasma dissociates the analytes and ionizes their component atoms to form a mixture of positive ions and molecular species. The positive ions are then...
831
02:18The Bohr Model
58.2K
Following the work of Ernest Rutherford and his colleagues in the early twentieth century, the picture of atoms consisting of tiny dense nuclei surrounded by lighter and even tinier electrons continually moving about the nucleus was well established. This picture was called the planetary model since it pictured the atom as a miniature “solar system” with the electrons orbiting the nucleus like planets orbiting the sun. The simplest atom is hydrogen, consisting of a single proton as...
58.2K