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Targeted therapy for lung cancer: Beyond EGFR and ALK

Mercedes Herrera-Juárez1,2, Cristina Serrano-Gómez1, Helena Bote-de-Cabo1,2

  • 1Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.

Cancer
|April 19, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Precision oncology tailors cancer treatment to tumor biology. For non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), targeted therapies for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) offer improved outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Genomics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Precision oncology leverages tumor biology for tailored cancer treatment.
  • Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with specific genomic aberrations can benefit from targeted therapies.
  • Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) rearrangements are key drivers in NSCLC.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the oncogenic role of molecular alterations in NSCLC.
  • To discuss emerging targeted treatments for NSCLC beyond EGFR and ALK.
  • To highlight the paradigm shift in NSCLC treatment due to targeted therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of oncogenic drivers in NSCLC.
  • Analysis of targeted therapy efficacy.
  • Discussion of emerging therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • EGFR mutations and ALK rearrangements are well-characterized oncogenic drivers in NSCLC.
  • Tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting EGFR and ALK have shown improved outcomes over chemotherapy.
  • Development of effective inhibitors for other druggable targets has transformed NSCLC treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Targeted therapies based on molecular alterations represent a significant advancement in NSCLC treatment.
  • Further research into novel molecular targets and treatments is crucial for advancing precision oncology in NSCLC.
  • The landscape of NSCLC treatment is continually evolving with the identification of new druggable targets.
Keywords:
driver mutationsgenomic aberrationsnonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC)targeted therapytyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI)

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