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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Statistical shape modelling reveals differences in hamstring morphology between professional rugby players and

Ashlee M T Sutherland1, Joseph T Lynch2,3, Benjamin G Serpell4,5,6

  • 1Faculty of Health, Discipline of Physiotherapy, University of Canberra, Bruce, ACT, Australia.

Journal of Sports Sciences
|April 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Statistical shape modelling (SSM) effectively differentiates hamstring muscle shapes between rugby and sprinting athletes. This method reveals distinct morphological variations, aiding in understanding hamstring injury aetiology.

Keywords:
Anatomybiceps femoris long headmorphologyshapethigh

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Sports Medicine
  • Anatomy

Background:

  • Hamstring injuries are common in athletes.
  • Understanding hamstring muscle morphology is crucial for injury prevention.
  • Current methods lack detailed shape analysis for hamstring muscles.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the utility of statistical shape modelling (SSM) for characterizing hamstring muscle shape.
  • To compare hamstring muscle morphology between elite rugby players and sprinters.
  • To explore the potential of SSM in understanding hamstring injury aetiology.

Main Methods:

  • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of hamstring muscles from nine rugby players and nine sprinters.
  • Conversion of MRI data into 3D models.
  • Generation and analysis of four statistical shape models to identify principal components of shape variation.

Main Results:

  • Six principal components adequately discriminated hamstring shapes between athlete groups with 89% accuracy.
  • Key distinguishing features included muscle size, curvature, and axial torsion.
  • SSM identified meaningful shape variations even within a small sample size.

Conclusions:

  • Statistical shape modelling is a valuable tool for analyzing hamstring muscle morphology.
  • Significant differences in hamstring shape exist between rugby and sprinting athletes.
  • This method can enhance musculoskeletal modelling and injury research by providing anatomical specificity.