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Hybrid PET/MRI Imaging of Alzheimer's Disease Based on 18F-AV-1451
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Characterizing Early-Onset Alzheimer Disease Using Multiprobe PET/MRI: An AT(N) Framework-Based Study.

Xiaojun Xu, Weiwei Ruan, Fang Liu

  • 1Departments of Neurology, Union Hospital, Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Clinical Nuclear Medicine
|April 19, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) shows more severe tau burden and neuronal damage compared to late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). Multiprobe PET/MRI can help assess these pathological characteristics in EOAD.

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Radiology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) is a rare and heterogeneous form of Alzheimer disease (AD) with a poor prognosis.
  • The AT(N) framework provides a standardized approach to AD diagnosis and research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare multiprobe PET/MRI findings between EOAD and late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) patients.
  • To identify potential imaging biomarkers for characterizing EOAD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 133 Alzheimer disease patients who underwent PET/MRI, categorized into EOAD (<60 years) and LOAD (≥60 years).
  • Analysis included β-amyloid PET, 18F-FDG PET (glucose metabolism), and 18F-florzotau PET (tau deposition) using region-of-interest and voxel-based analyses.
  • Correlations between age of onset and regional standardized uptake value (SUV) ratios were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • Lower glucose metabolism in multiple brain regions (frontal, parietal, precuneus, temporal, occipital) and greater right posterior cingulate/precuneus atrophy were observed in the EOAD group.
  • Significantly higher tau deposition was found in the precuneus, parietal lobe, and specific gyri in EOAD patients compared to LOAD patients.
  • No significant differences in sex or education were noted, but EOAD patients had lower Mini-Mental State Examination scores.

Conclusions:

  • Multiprobe PET/MRI reveals more severe tau burden and neuronal damage in early-onset Alzheimer disease (EOAD) compared to late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD).
  • Multiprobe PET/MRI serves as a valuable tool for assessing the pathological characteristics of EOAD.