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Effect of effervescent tablets on removable partial denture hygiene.

Victor G Morelli1, Viviane C Oliveira2, Glenda L L Vasconcelos1

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Alkaline peroxide effervescent tablets show antimicrobial activity against some oral bacteria on cobalt-chromium surfaces but are ineffective against Candida albicans biofilms. Complementary methods are needed for comprehensive biofilm control.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Microbiology
  • Dental Materials

Background:

  • Cobalt-chromium alloys are widely used in removable partial dentures.
  • Biofilm formation on denture surfaces poses a significant challenge for oral hygiene.
  • Effective cleaning solutions are crucial for maintaining the longevity and biocompatibility of dental prosthetics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the efficacy of five alkaline peroxide-based effervescent tablets in reducing biofilms and adhered food debris on cobalt-chromium surfaces.
  • To compare the performance of different effervescent tablet brands against specific oral microorganisms.

Main Methods:

  • Cobalt-chromium specimens were inoculated with Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Streptococcus mutans, and Staphylococcus aureus.
  • Specimens with mature biofilms were immersed in various effervescent tablet solutions or distilled water.
  • Biofilm reduction was quantified using colony-forming units and biomass measurements.
  • Denture cleaning capability was evaluated on artificially contaminated removable partial dentures.

Main Results:

  • None of the tested solutions effectively reduced Candida albicans biofilms.
  • Efferdent and Corega Tabs showed efficacy against Candida glabrata biofilms.
  • Steradent demonstrated effectiveness against Staphylococcus aureus biofilms.
  • Polident for Partials and Steradent reduced Streptococcus mutans biofilm rates.
  • Tablets effectively removed artificial food layers but struggled with mature, aggregated biofilms.

Conclusions:

  • The effervescent tablets exhibit varying antimicrobial activity against specific oral bacteria on cobalt-chromium surfaces.
  • These denture cleansers possess cleaning capabilities for artificial food layers.
  • Peroxide-based solutions are insufficient for complete biofilm removal, particularly for Candida albicans.
  • Additional methods are necessary for comprehensive biofilm management on cobalt-chromium dental prosthetics.