Neurocognitive function and mortality in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Psychiatry
• Public Health

Background:

• Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) are associated with substantially reduced life expectancy compared to the general population.
• Previous research indicates a link between baseline neurocognitive function and long-term mortality in individuals with SSD.

Purpose of the Study:

• To replicate and validate the association between baseline neurocognitive function and mortality in a larger, age-matched sample of individuals with SSD.
• To identify specific neurocognitive domains that are strongest predictors of survival status.

Main Methods:

• A cohort of 252 individuals with SSD (44 deceased, 206 alive) was assessed.
• Comprehensive neurocognitive batteries were administered to evaluate various cognitive domains.
• Survival status was analyzed in relation to baseline neurocognitive performance.

Main Results:

• The deceased group exhibited significantly more severe neurocognitive deficits across most domains compared to the living group.
• Immediate verbal memory and executive function emerged as the most potent predictors of survival.
• No significant differences were observed in sex, remission status, psychosis symptoms, or functional level between the deceased and living groups.

Conclusions:

• Baseline neurocognitive function, especially verbal memory and executive function, is a critical predictor of mortality in individuals with SSD.
• These findings reinforce the prognostic value of cognitive assessments in managing SSD.
• Clinicians should consider cognitive deficits when evaluating long-term outcomes and mortality risk in patients with SSD.