Related Experiment Video
Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills
Published on: April 23, 2014
Extended validation of the Relational Depth Frequency Scale: Retest reliability, divergent validity, criterion
Gina Di Malta1, Zhuang She2, Brett Raymond-Barker3
1School of Psychology and Counselling, Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences, The Open University, Milton Keynes, UK.
Background:
The Relational Depth Frequency Scale (RDFS) assesses moments of profound connection in psychotherapy, associated with therapeutic benefit. To date, the RDFS has not been tested for its retest reliability, divergent and criterion validity, and measurement invariance, nor has it been tested in stratified samples of psychotherapy patients.
Methods:
Two stratified online samples of United Kingdom (n = 514) and United States (n = 402) psychotherapy patients filled out the RDFS, the Brief Social Desirability Scale (BSDS); and the Satisfaction with Therapy and Therapist Scale-revised (STTS-R). Two subsamples of patients (United Kingdom: n = 50 and United States: n = 203) filled out the RDFS again after 1 month.
Results:
Reliability for the six-item RDFS were excellent in United Kingdom and United States samples (Cronbach's α = 0.91 and 0.92; retest r = 0.73 and r = 0.76). Divergent (r = 0.10 and r = 0.12) and criterion validity (r = 0.69; and r = 0.70) were good. Full scalar invariance was established across countries, genders, and time.
Conclusion:
This contributes important evidence to the validity of the RDFS. Future research should assess predictive validity against psychotherapy outcomes and replicate these analyses in diverse samples.
More Related Videos
09:00Author Spotlight: Validation of SICOLE-R for Assessing Cognitive and Reading Skills in Spanish-Speaking Children and Its Role in Personalized Education
Published on: August 16, 2024
06:04Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Hyperscanning Study in Psychological Counseling
Published on: January 17, 2025
Related Concept Videos
Reliability and Validity
Data Validation
Nursing assessment guides are generally based on holistic models rather than medical...
Self-Report Tests of Personality
Friedman Two-way Analysis of Variance by Ranks
Measures of Intelligence
Validity refers to how well a test measures what it claims to measure. An intelligence test should accurately assess intelligence rather than another characteristic, like anxiety. Criterion validity is one way to evaluate this;...
Variation: Normal Distribution, Range, and Standard Deviation