[Primary injuries of corpus callosum vessels in craniocerebral injuries]

The aim of the scientific work is to establish morphological characteristics of hemorrhages in the corpus callosum as a marker of primary vascular injuries in diffuse axonal injury (DAI) in relation to the goals and objectives of forensic examination. Changes in the structures of corpus callosum were analyzed in 45 corpses of persons with traumatic brain injury who died in hospital from DAI diagnosed according to clinical and instrumental data within 24 hours after the trauma. The changes were characterized by rectic hemorrhages (haemorrhagia per rhexin) in combination with successively developing vascular, tissue, and cellular post-traumatic reactions. These changes were not observed in the control group. The following morphological characteristics of hemorrhages were established: small focal, elongated, clearly contoured hemorrhages of different sizes, up to 4 mm long, up to 0.8 mm wide, unidirectional at an angle from the lower to upper surface of the sagittal corpus callosum section, at least three, grouped in limited areas sized up to 1.5 × 1.0 cm without clear borders. The detected hemorrhages and the course of changes give reason to consider them the result of primary traumatic effects, making them a diagnostic marker of DAI.