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Related Concept Videos

Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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Before mRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm, it is crucial to check each mRNA for structural and functional integrity. Eukaryotic cells use several different mechanisms, collectively known as mRNA surveillance, to look for irregularities in mRNAs. Irregular or aberrant mRNA are rapidly degraded by various enzymes. If a defective mRNA escapes the surveillance, it would be translated into a protein which would either be non-functional or not function properly. One of the primary irregularities in...
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RNA Interference01:23

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Aug 2, 2025

Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells
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Dual CRISPR-Interference Strategy for Targeting Synthetic Lethal Interactions Between Non-Coding RNAs in Cancer Cells

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Tumor suppression by RNA surveillance.

Robert P Fisher1

  • 1Department of Oncological Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 20, 2023
PubMed
Summary

A newly discovered cyclin-dependent kinase targets and degrades RNA molecules that terminate transcription prematurely. This mechanism ensures proper gene expression by clearing faulty RNA transcripts.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Transcription produces RNA molecules from DNA templates.
  • Premature termination of RNA synthesis can lead to aberrant transcripts.
  • Cellular mechanisms exist to manage and degrade non-functional RNA.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify the molecular machinery responsible for degrading prematurely terminated RNAs.
  • To elucidate the role of cyclin-dependent kinases in RNA quality control.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized yeast models for genetic screening.
  • Employed biochemical assays to monitor RNA degradation.
  • Performed mass spectrometry to identify interacting proteins.

Main Results:

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  • Identified a specific cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) that binds to prematurely terminated RNA.
  • Demonstrated that CDK activity is essential for the degradation of these aberrant transcripts.
  • Uncovered a novel pathway linking CDK activity to RNA surveillance.

Conclusions:

  • Cyclin-dependent kinases play a critical role in RNA processing and quality control.
  • Targeted degradation of prematurely terminated RNAs by CDKs is a conserved cellular process.
  • This finding provides new insights into gene expression regulation and RNA surveillance pathways.