Gut microbiota and ionizing radiation-induced damage: Is there a link?

Area of Science:

• Microbiology
• Radiation Biology
• Immunology

Background:

• Ionizing radiation (IR) significantly alters the gut microbiome's composition and function.
• These alterations can exacerbate IR-induced damage and promote inflammation.
• The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in mitigating radiation toxicity.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the intricate relationship between gut microbiota, metabolites, and IR-induced harm.
• To highlight protective strategies involving gut microbe interventions for radiation injury.
• To explore future research directions for preventing and treating IR-induced damage.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of observational findings and experimental studies.
• Analysis of the impact of IR on gut microbial structure, function, and metabolites.
• Examination of therapeutic interventions using gut microbes and metabolites.

Main Results:

• IR induces gut dysbiosis, affecting microbial species, structure, and metabolites.
• Microbial dysbiosis amplifies IR-induced damage and pro-inflammatory responses.
• Commensal bacteria and beneficial metabolites can restore microbial balance and reduce IR toxicity.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiota is a critical factor in radiation injury and response.
• Targeting the gut microbiome offers a promising therapeutic avenue for mitigating IR-induced harm.
• Further research into microbial interventions is essential for developing effective countermeasures against radiation toxicity.