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Red blood cell orientation in orbit C = 0.

M Bitbol

    Biophysical Journal
    |May 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Human red blood cells exhibit distinct behaviors in shear flow, with orientation depending on viscosity and shear rate. Red cell rigidity significantly impacts cell orientation, with more rigid cells showing less orientation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Biophysics
    • Fluid Dynamics
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Human red blood cells display complex behaviors in shear flow.
    • Two primary modes of behavior are known: rotation in low viscosity and tank-tread motion in high viscosity.
    • At higher shear rates in low viscosity, cells enter an orbit C=0, aligning with the vorticity axis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the phenomenon of red blood cells entering orbit C=0.
    • To quantify the relationship between shear rate, viscosity, and cell orientation.
    • To assess the impact of red cell membrane properties on orientation.

    Main Methods:

    • Erythrocytes observed in a rheoscope with diameter measurements.
    • Forward light scattering correlated with red cell orientation modes.
    • Light flux variations measured to determine orientation and disorientation times.

    Main Results:

    • Orbit C=0 orientation time is inversely proportional to shear rate, dependent on medium viscosity.
    • Disorientation time (tau D) is viscosity-independent but faster than Brownian motion predicts.
    • The proportion of cells in orbit C=0 varies with shear rate and viscosity; a transition to parallel alignment occurs at high viscosity.

    Conclusions:

    • Red blood cell orientation in shear flow is a complex phenomenon influenced by shear rate, viscosity, and cell rigidity.
    • Altering membrane viscoelasticity (rigidity) significantly reduces the proportion of oriented cells.
    • Findings provide insights into red blood cell dynamics in physiological and pathological conditions.

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