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Correlation between dietary patterns and cognitive function in older Chinese adults: A representative cross-sectional

Ruoyu Gou^1,2, Jian Qin³, Weiyi Pang^1,2

¹Department of Environmental Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China.

Frontiers in Nutrition

|April 21, 2023

Summary

A diet rich in vegetables and mushrooms may protect cognitive function in older adults. Higher intake of these foods is associated with a reduced risk of cognitive decline, suggesting a beneficial dietary pattern for brain health.

Keywords:

cognitive function dietary patterns mushrooms older adults vegetables

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Area of Science:

Gerontology
Nutritional Science
Cognitive Neuroscience

Background:

Cognitive decline is a significant concern in aging populations.
Dietary patterns play a crucial role in maintaining cognitive health.
Understanding the impact of specific diets on cognition is essential for public health.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association between dietary patterns and cognitive function in adults aged 60 and above.
To identify specific dietary patterns that may influence cognitive performance in older adults.

Main Methods:

Quantitative food intake assessment using the Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ).
Cognitive function evaluation via the Chinese version of the Simple Mental State Examination Scale (MMSE).
Factor analysis (FA) to identify dietary patterns, with logistic regression for association analysis.

Main Results:

Four dietary patterns were identified: vegetable and mushroom, oil and salt, seafood and alcohol, and oil tea.
The vegetable and mushroom dietary pattern showed a significant protective association with cognitive function (p=0.033, OR=0.578).
This protective effect was more pronounced in ethnic subgroup analyses, particularly among Yao participants (p=0.012, OR=0.415).

Conclusions:

Higher adherence to a vegetable and mushroom dietary pattern is dose-dependently correlated with better cognitive function.
Increasing intake of vegetables and mushrooms may be a viable strategy to prevent and mitigate cognitive decline in older adults.
Recommendations include promoting higher dietary consumption of vegetables and mushrooms for cognitive health maintenance.